Itterbium silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol Yb miwah wilangan atom 70. Puniki datu kaping pat welas miwah kaping kalih saking untat ring bacakan lantanida, sané marupa dasar tegtegan rélatif saking paindikan oksidasi +2. Menawi, sekadi lantanida liyanan, paindikan oksidasi pinih ketah punika +3, sakancan ring oksida, halida, miwah senyawa liyanan. Ring larutan matoya, sekadi senyawa lantanida ungkur liyanan, senyawa Itterbium larut ngawentuk kompléks sareng sia molekul toya. Mawinan konfigurasi éléktron kulit katutup nyané, kakerepan miwah titik leleh taler titik didih nyané matiosan doh sareng makéhan lantanida liyanan.

Itterbium, 70Yb
Itterbium
ᵒiteŕbiyum·
Pabaosan/ɪˈtɜːrbiəm/ (i-TUR-bee-əm)
Cingakanpetak pérak; antuk warna kuning lémlém[1]
Bobot atom standar Ar, std(Yb)173.045(10)[2][3][4]
Itterbium ring tabél périodik
Hidrogén Hélium
Litium Bérilium Boron Karbon Nitrogén Oksigén Fluorin Néon
Natrium Magnésium Aluminium Silikon Phosfor Urirang Klorin Argon
Potasium Kalsium Skandium Titanium Vanadium Kromium Mangan (datu) Wesi Kobalt Nikel Temaga Séng Gallium Gérmanium Arsenik Sélénium Brom Kripton
Rubidium Strontium Ittrium Zirkonium Niobium Molibdénum Téknésium Ruthénium Rhodium Palladium Pérak Kadmium Indium Timah Antimoni Téllurium Yodium Xénon
Sésium Barium Lanthanum Sérium Praséodimium Néodimium Prométhium Samarium Éuropium Gadolinium Terbium Disprosium Holmium Érbium Thulium Itterbium Lutésium Hafnium Tantalum Tungstén Rhénium Osmium Iridium Platinum Mas Rasa (datu) Thallium Timbal Bismuth Polonium Astatin Radon
Fransium Radium Aktinium Thorium Protaktinium Uranium Néptunium Plutonium Amérisium Curium Berkélium Kalifornium Éinsteinium Fermium Méndelevium Nobélium Lawrénsium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnérium Darmstadtium Roéntgénium Kopernikium Nihonium Flérovium Moskovium Livermorium Ténnessin Oganésson


Yb

No
thuliumitterbiumlutésium
Wilangan atom (Z)70
Watekn/a
Périodepériode 6
Blok  blok-f
Konpigurasi éléktron[] 4f14 6s2
Éléktron per kulit2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2
Cecirén pisik
Pase ring STPpadet
Titik lebur1097 K ​(824 °C, ​1515 °F)
Titik didih1469 K ​(1196 °C, ​2185 °F)
Kapadetan (nampek s.r.)6.90 g/cm3
ri kala éncéh (ring t.l.)6.21 g/cm3
Panes fusi7.66 kJ/mol
Panes panguapan129 kJ/mol
Kapasitas panes molar26.74 J/(mol·K)
Tekanan uap
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 736 813 910 1047 (1266) (1465)
Cecirén atom
Paindikan oksidasi0,[5] +1,[6] +2, +3 (oksida basa)
Kaéléktronégatipanskala Pauling: 1.1 (?)
Wasa ionisasi
  • ka-1: 603.4 kJ/mol
  • ka-2: 1174.8 kJ/mol
  • ka-3: 2417 kJ/mol
Jeriji atomémpiris: 176 pm
Jeriji kovalén187±8 pm
Garis warna ring pentang spéktrum
Garis spéktral saking itterbium
Cecirén liyanan
Rupa alamiprimordial
Struktur kristalkubus mapusat muka (fcc)
Face-centered cubic crystal structure for itterbium
Kagelisan swara pales tipis1590 m/s (ring 20 °C)
Ékspansi térmalβ, poli: 26.3 µm/(m⋅K) (s.r.)
Konduktivitas térmal38.5 W/(m⋅K)
Resistivitas listrikβ, poly: 0.250 µΩ⋅m (ring s.r.)
bacakan magnétikparamagnétik
Karentanan magnétik molar+249.0×10−6 cm3/mol (2928 K)[7]
Modulus Youngrupa β: 23.9 GPa
Modulus Shearrupa β: 9.9 GPa
Modulus Bulkrupa β: 30.5 GPa
Rasio Poissonrupa β: 0.207
Kakatosan Vickers205–250 MPa
Kakatosan Brinell340–440 MPa
Nomor CAS7440-64-4
Lelintihan
Pangarananmawit Ytterby (Sweden), ring dija punika katambang
PanemuanJean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878)
Isolasi kapertamaCarl Auer von Welsbach (1906)
Isotop utama itterbium
Iso­top Kalimpahan Paruh-idup (t1/2) Mode paluruhan Pro­duk
166Yb syn 56.7 h ε 166Tm
168Yb 0.126% tegteg
169Yb syn 32.026 d ε 169Tm
170Yb 3.023% tegteg
171Yb 14.216% tegteg
172Yb 21.754% tegteg
173Yb 16.098% tegteg
174Yb 31.896% tegteg
175Yb syn 4.185 d β 175Lu
176Yb 12.887% tegteg
177Yb syn 1.911 h β 177Lu
Kategori:Itterbium
| pustaka

Pustaka uah

  1. Mal:Greenwood&Earnshaw
  2. Méija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  3. "Standard Atomic Weights 2015". Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. 12 October 2015. Kaaksés 18 February 2017.
  4. "Standard Atomic Weight of Ytterbium Revised". Chemistry International. October 2015. p. 26. doi:10.1515/ci-2015-0512. eISSN 0193-6484. ISSN 0193-6484.
  5. Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
  6. La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB8 clusters; see Li, Wan-Lu; Chen, Teng-Teng; Chen, Wei-Jia; Li, Jun; Wang, Lai-Sheng (2021). "Monovalent lanthanide(I) in borozene complexes". Nature Communications. 12: 6467. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26785-9.
  7. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Suratan uah

  • Guide to the Elements – Revised Edition, Albert Stwertka, (Oxford University Press; 1998) ISBN 0-19-508083-1

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