Itterbium

Itterbium, ₇₀Yb
Itterbium; ᵒiteŕbiyum·
Pabaosan	/ɪˈtɜːrbiəm/ (i-TUR-bee-əm)
Cingakan	petak pérak; antuk warna kuning lémlém
Bobot atom standar Ar, std(Yb)	173.045(10)
Itterbium ring tabél périodik
	thulium ← itterbium → lutésium
Wilangan atom (Z)	70
Watek	n/a
Période	période 6
Blok	blok-f
Konpigurasi éléktron	[Xé] 4f14 6s2
Éléktron per kulit	2, 8, 18, 32, 8, 2
Cecirén pisik
Pase ring STP	padet
Titik lebur	1097 K (824 °C, 1515 °F)
Titik didih	1469 K (1196 °C, 2185 °F)
Kapadetan (nampek s.r.)	6.90 g/cm3
ri kala éncéh (ring t.l.)	6.21 g/cm3
Panes fusi	7.66 kJ/mol
Panes panguapan	129 kJ/mol
Kapasitas panes molar	26.74 J/(mol·K)
Cecirén atom
Paindikan oksidasi	0, +1, +2, +3 (oksida basa)
Kaéléktronégatipan	skala Pauling: 1.1 (?)
Wasa ionisasi	ka-1: 603.4 kJ/mol ; ka-2: 1174.8 kJ/mol ; ka-3: 2417 kJ/mol ; ;
Jeriji atom	émpiris: 176 pm
Jeriji kovalén	187±8 pm
	Garis spéktral saking itterbium
Cecirén liyanan
Rupa alami	primordial
Struktur kristal	kubus mapusat muka (fcc)
Kagelisan swara pales tipis	1590 m/s (ring 20 °C)
Ékspansi térmal	β, poli: 26.3 µm/(m⋅K) (s.r.)
Konduktivitas térmal	38.5 W/(m⋅K)
Resistivitas listrik	β, poly: 0.250 µΩ⋅m (ring s.r.)
bacakan magnétik	paramagnétik
Karentanan magnétik molar	+249.0×10−6 cm3/mol (2928 K)
Modulus Young	rupa β: 23.9 GPa
Modulus Shear	rupa β: 9.9 GPa
Modulus Bulk	rupa β: 30.5 GPa
Rasio Poisson	rupa β: 0.207
Kakatosan Vickers	205–250 MPa
Kakatosan Brinell	340–440 MPa
Nomor CAS	7440-64-4
Lelintihan
Pangaranan	mawit Ytterby (Sweden), ring dija punika katambang
Panemuan	Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac (1878)
Isolasi kapertama	Carl Auer von Welsbach (1906)
Isotop utama itterbium
	Kategori:Itterbium; cingak; pabligbagan; uah; \| pustaka

Itterbium silih tunggil datu kimia antuk simbol Yb miwah wilangan atom 70. Puniki datu kaping pat welas miwah kaping kalih saking untat ring bacakan lantanida, sané marupa dasar tegtegan rélatif saking paindikan oksidasi +2. Menawi, sekadi lantanida liyanan, paindikan oksidasi pinih ketah punika +3, sakancan ring oksida, halida, miwah senyawa liyanan. Ring larutan matoya, sekadi senyawa lantanida ungkur liyanan, senyawa Itterbium larut ngawentuk kompléks sareng sia molekul toya. Mawinan konfigurasi éléktron kulit katutup nyané, kakerepan miwah titik leleh taler titik didih nyané matiosan doh sareng makéhan lantanida liyanan.

Pustaka

↑ Mal:Greenwood&Earnshaw
↑ Méija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
↑ "Standard Atomic Weights 2015". Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. 12 October 2015. Kaaksés 18 February 2017.
↑ "Standard Atomic Weight of Ytterbium Revised". Chemistry International. October 2015. p. 26. doi:10.1515/ci-2015-0512. eISSN 0193-6484. ISSN 0193-6484.
↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
↑ La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB₈⁻ clusters; see Li, Wan-Lu; Chen, Teng-Teng; Chen, Wei-Jia; Li, Jun; Wang, Lai-Sheng (2021). "Monovalent lanthanide(I) in borozene complexes". Nature Communications. 12: 6467. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26785-9.
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

Suratan

Guide to the Elements – Revised Edition, Albert Stwertka, (Oxford University Press; 1998) ISBN 0-19-508083-1

Pranala jaba

It's Elemental – Ytterbium
"Ytterbium" . Encyclopædia Britannica (édisi ka-11th). 1911.
Encyclopedia of Geochemistry - Ytterbium

[1] Mal:Greenwood&Earnshaw

[CIAAW2013-2] Méija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.

[CIAAW2015-3] "Standard Atomic Weights 2015". Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights. 12 October 2015. Kaaksés 18 February 2017.

[4] "Standard Atomic Weight of Ytterbium Revised". Chemistry International. October 2015. p. 26. doi:10.1515/ci-2015-0512. eISSN 0193-6484. ISSN 0193-6484.

[Cloke1993-5] Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.

[LnI-6] La(I), Pr(I), Tb(I), Tm(I), and Yb(I) have been observed in MB₈⁻ clusters; see Li, Wan-Lu; Chen, Teng-Teng; Chen, Wei-Jia; Li, Jun; Wang, Lai-Sheng (2021). "Monovalent lanthanide(I) in borozene complexes". Nature Communications. 12: 6467. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-26785-9.

[7] Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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