Lis Présidén Amérika Serikat
Ring sor Konstitusi Amérika Serikat, Presiden Amérika Serikat inggih punika manggala negara miwah manggala pamrentahan negara Amérika Serikat. Dados manggala eksekutif miwah manggala pemerintah federal makejang, presiden dados jabatan politik pinih tegeh ring Amérika Serikat manut pengaruh miwah pengakuan.
Présidén Amérika Serikat Inggris: President of the United States | |
---|---|
Gelar | Mister President (tidak resmi)[1][2] The Honorable (resmi)[3] His Excellency[4][5] (diplomatik, di luar AS) |
Kantor | Gedung Putih Washington, D.C. |
Masa jabatan | 4 tahun, sesudahnya dapat dipilih kembali hanya untuk 1 kali |
Kaadegang | Konstitusi Amérika Serikat 4 Maret 1789 |
Pejabat kapertama | George Washington |
Gaji | $400,000 |
Situs web | www.whitehouse.gov |
Presiden tasih dados Panglima Tertinggi saking Angkatan Bersenjata Amérika Serikat. Presiden dipilih untuk masa jabatan empat tahun. Pemilihan Presiden berlangsung pada Selasa minggu kedua di November.
Lis niki tuah ngcakup jadma sane kasumpah dados presiden sasampun ratifikasi Konstitusi Amerika Serikat, sane ngawit rign tanggal 4 Maret 1789, nenten rumasuk cakupan Presiden Kongres Kontinental.[6]
Lis presiden
uahCutetan
uah- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 Meninggal ketika masih menjabat sebagai wakil présidén
- ↑ Mengundurkan diri sebagai wakil présidén
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Meninggal saat masih menjabat karena sebab alami
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 4,2 4,3 Dibunuh
- ↑ Satu-satunya Présidén Amérika Serikat dengan masa jabatan lebih dari dua kali.
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 Mengundurkan diri
Jabatan sané kalinggihin sasampun ngjabat dados Présidén
uahPapat mantan Présidén Amérika Serikat malinggih ajabatan sasampun wesana dados Présidén.
Présidén | Masa Jabatan Kaprésidénan | Jabatan sané kalinggihin | |
---|---|---|---|
John Quincy Adams | 6 | 1825–1829 | Anggota DPR Amérika Serikat dari Massachusetts (1831–1848) |
Andrew Johnson | 17 | 1865–1869 | Anggota Senat Amérika Serikat dari Tennessee (1875) |
Grover Cleveland | 22 | 1885–1889 | Présidén Amérika Serikat ke-24 (1893–1897) |
William Howard Taft | 27 | 1909–1913 | Ketua Mahkamah Agung Amérika Serikat ke-10 (1921–1930) |
Donald Trump | 45 | 2017–2021 | Présidén The Trump Organization |
Beberapa mantan Présidén Amérika Serikat yang gagal menduduki sebuah jabatan setelah selesai menjabat sebagai Présidén.
Présidén | Masa Jabatan Kepresidenan | Jabatan yang gagal diduduki | |
---|---|---|---|
John Quincy Adams | 6 | 1825–1829 | Gubernur Massachusetts (1833) |
Martin Van Buren | 8 | 1837–1841 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (1844) |
Présidén Amérika Serikat (1848) | |||
Millard Fillmore | 13 | 1850–1853 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (1856) |
Andrew Johnson | 17 | 1865–1869 | Anggota Senat Amérika Serikat dari Tennessee (1870) |
Anggota DPR Amérika Serikat dari Tennessee (1872) | |||
Ulysses S. Grant | 18 | 1869–1877 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (1880) |
Theodore Roosevelt | 26 | 1901–1909 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (1912) |
Herbert Hoover | 31 | 1929–1933 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (1940) |
Donald John Trump | 45 | 2017–2021 | Présidén Amérika Serikat (2021) |
Selain itu, salah satu mantan présidén, John Tyler, menjabat di dalam pemerintahan Negara Konfederasi selama Perang Saudara Amérika. Tyler menduduki jabatan di dalam Kongres Konfederasi Sementara dari tahun 1861 sampai tahun 1862. Tyler terpilih sebagai Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kondeferasi Amérika pada November 1861, namun Tyler meninggal sebelum menduduki jabatan tersebut.
Cingak malih
uahPustaka
uah- ↑ "How To Address The President; He Is Not Your Excellency Or Your Honor, But Mr. President". The New York Times. 1891-08-02.
- ↑ "Salinan arsip". Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2012-09-26. Kaaksés 2021-08-14. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Models of Address and Salutation". Ita.doc.gov. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Kaaksés 2010-09-04. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ The White House Office of the Press Secretary (September 2, 2010). "Remarks by President Obama, President Mubarak, His Majesty King Abdullah, Prime Minister Netanyahu and President Abbas Before Working Dinner". WhiteHouse.gov. Kaaksés July 19, 2011. Check date values in:
|date=
(help) - ↑ "Exchange of Letters". Permanent Observer Mission of Palestine to the United Nations. 1978. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Kaaksés July 19, 2011. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help); Unknown parameter|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Excerpts from "Forgotten Presidents" – The Patriots Handbook, by George Grant". Harrold.org. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2019-02-05. Kaaksés 5 Juni 2013.
- ↑ The White House (12 Maret 2007). "Biography of George Washington". Whitehouse.gov. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "George Washington – no Political Party – 1st President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)". American Presidents: Life Portraits. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-10-19. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "George Washington's views on political parties in America". communities.washingtontimes.com. The Washington Times Communities. 9 Maret 2012. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Biography of John Adams". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2014.
- ↑ "John Adams – Federalist Party – 2nd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John Adams (October 30, 1735 – July 4, 1826)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-08-02. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Thomas Jefferson". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Thomas Jefferson – Democratic-Republican Party – 3rd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-05-04. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of James Madison". Whitehouse.gov hi. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Madison – Democratic-Republican Party – 4th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Madison (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-17. Kaaksés 10 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of James Madison". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Monroe – Democratic-Republican Party – 5th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés January 12, 2009.
- ↑ "James Monroe (April 28, 1758 – July 4, 1831)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-09-13. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of John Quincy Adams". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John Quincy Adams – Federalist, Democratic-Republican, National Republican, WHIG Party – 6th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John Quincy Adams (July 11, 1767 – February 23, 1848)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-02. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Andrew Jackson". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Andrew Jackson – Democratic-Republican Party – 7th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-11-08. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Martin Van Buren". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Martin Van Buren – Democratic-Republican, Democratic, and Free Soil Party – 8th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Martin Van Buren (December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-15. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of William Henry Harrison". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William Henry Harrison – WHIG Party – 9th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773 – April 4, 1841)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-17. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of John Tyler". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John Tyler – No Party – 10th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-15. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of James Polk". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Polk – Democratic Party – 11th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James K. Polk (Nopémber 2, 1795 – June 15, 1849)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2001-04-11. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Zachary Tyler". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Zachary Taylor – WHIG Party – 12th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Zachary Taylor (Nopémber 24, 1784 – July 9, 1850)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2000-07-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Millard Fillmore". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Millard Filmore – WHIG Party – 13th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800 – March 8, 1874)". American Presidents-elect: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-02-23. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Franklin Pierce". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Franklin Pierce – Democratic Party – 14th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Franklin Pierce (Nopémber 23, 1804 – October 8, 1869)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-15. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of James Buchanan". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Buchanan – Democratic Party – 15th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Buchanan (April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-18. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Abraham Lincoln". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Abraham Lincoln – Republic, National Union Party – 16th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2011-07-25. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Andrew Johnson". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Andrew Johnson – National Union Party – 17th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808 – July 31, 1875)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2013-06-21. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Ulysses S. Grant". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Ulysses S. Grant – National Union Party – 18th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Ulysses S. Grant (April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-10-30. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Rutherford B. Hayes". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Rutherford B. Hayes – Republican Party – 19th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Rutherford B. Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-10-21. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of James Garfield". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James Garfield – Republican Party – 20th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "James A. Garfield (Nopémber 19, 1831 – Séptémber 19, 1881)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-08-12. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Chester Arthur". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Chester A. Arthur – Republican Party – 21st President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Chester A. Arthur (October 5, 1829 – Nopémber 18, 1886)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-09-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ 71,0 71,1 "Grover Cleveland – Democratic Party – 22nd and 24th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ 72,0 72,1 "Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-02-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Benjamin Harrison". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William Henry Harrison – Whig Party – 23rd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833 – March 13, 1901)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-09-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of William McKinley". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William McKinley – Republican Party – 25th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William McKinley (January 29, 1843 – Séptémber 14, 1901)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-09-07. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Theodore Roosevelt". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Theodore Roosevelt – Republican, Bull Moose Party – 26th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-05-08. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of William Howard Taft". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William Howard Taft – Republican Party – 27th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "William Howard Taft (Séptémber 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-11-02. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Woodrow Wilson". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Woodrow Wilson – Democratic Party – 28th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-05-16. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Warren G. Harding". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Warren Harding – Republican Party – 29th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Warren G. Harding (Nopémber 2, 1865 – August 2, 1923)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-07-13. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Calvin Coolidge". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Calvin Coolidge – Republican Party – 30th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Calvin Coolidge (July 4, 1872 – January 5, 1933)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-02-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Herbert Hoover". Whitehouse.gov. March 13, 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Herbert Hoover – Republican Party – 31st President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Herbert Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-07-21. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Franklin D. Roosevelt". Whitehouse.gov. March 20, 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Franklin D. Roosevelt – Democratic Party – 32nd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Franklin D. Roosevelt (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-05-14. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Harry S Truman". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Harry S Truman – Democratic Party – 33rd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Harry S Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-09-15. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Dwight D. Eisenhower". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Dwight D. Eisenhower – Democratic Party – 34th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Dwight D. Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-10-30. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of John F. Kennedy". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John F. Kennedy – Democratic Party – 35th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "John F. Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – Nopémber 22, 1963)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-08-22. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Lyndon B. Johnson – Democratic Party – 36th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Lyndon B. Johnson (August 27, 1908 – January 22, 1973)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-10-07. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Richard M. Nixon". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Richard Nixon – Republican Party – 37th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Richard M. Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-05-07. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Gerald R. Ford". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Gerald Ford – Republican Party – 38th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Gerald R. Ford (July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-04-19. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Jimmy Carter". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Jimmy Carter – Democratic Party – 39th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Jimmy Carter (October 1, 1924 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-02-06. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of Ronald Reagan". Whitehouse.gov. 25 Juni 2008. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Ronald Reagan – Republican Party – 40th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Ronald Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004)". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-08-07. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of George Herbert Walker Bush". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "George H. W. Bush – Republican Party – 41st President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "George Bush (June 12, 1924 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2003-02-02. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of William J. Clinton". Whitehouse.gov. 12 Maret 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Bill Clinton – Democratic Party – 42nd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Bill Clinton (August 19, 1946 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-07-13. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Biography of President George W. Bush". Whitehouse.gov. 25 Februari 2007. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Check date values in:
|date=
(help) - ↑ "George W. Bush – Republican Party – 43rd President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "George W. Bush (July 6, 1946 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-06-15. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "President Barack Obama". Whitehouse.gov. 20 Januari 2009. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2011-03-13. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "Barack Obama – Democratic Party – 44th President – American Presidents". History.com. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013.
- ↑ "Barack Obama (August 4, 1961 – )". American Presidents: Life Portrait. C-SPAN. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2015-07-26. Kaaksés 11 Juni 2013. Unknown parameter
|dead-url=
ignored (help) - ↑ "President Donald J. Trump". whitehouse.gov. January 20, 2017. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal 2018-12-25. Kaaksés January 22, 2017. Unknown parameter
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ignored (help) - ↑ "Donald Trump". History.com. A&E Networks. Kaaksés January 20, 2017.
Pranala jaba
uahWikimédia Commons madué média indik Presidents of the United States. |
- (Inggris) Whitehouse.gov: The Presidents
- (Inggris) POTUS: Presidents of the United States – Internet Public Library