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Tabel dibawah menunjukkan nilai dan pengucapan suara dalam bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa Melayu untuk artikel Wikipedia dengan transkripsi Alfabet Fonetik Internasional. Untuk penjelasan lebih rinci, lihat Fonologi bahasa Melayu
| Konsonan
|
| IPA |
Contoh |
pengucapan dekat bahasa Inggris
|
| b
|
bola [1]
|
beau
|
| d
|
dari [1]
|
do
|
| dʒ
|
jari
|
job
|
| f
|
fikir, visa [2]
|
festival
|
| ɡ
|
galah [3]
|
gain
|
| h
|
habis, tokoh
|
hat
|
| j
|
yakin, kaya
|
yes
|
| k
|
kalah [1][3]
|
sky
|
| l
|
lama
|
clean
|
| m
|
makan
|
moon
|
| n
|
nakal
|
note
|
| ŋ
|
ngarai
|
feeling
|
| ɲ
|
nyaman
|
canyon
|
| p
|
pola [1]
|
spy
|
| r
|
raja, dari, pasar
|
trilled 'r' [4]
|
| s
|
saya
|
six
|
| ʃ
|
syak [2]
|
shoe
|
| t
|
tari [1]
|
sty
|
| tʃ
|
cari
|
check
|
| v
|
visa [2]
|
vision
|
| w
|
waktu, Jawa
|
we
|
| x
|
khas [2]
|
|
| z
|
zaman [2]
|
zero
|
| ʔ
|
bapak [1] [3]
|
|
|
| Vokal [5]
|
| IPA |
Contoh |
pengucapan dekat bahasa Inggris
|
| a
|
ajar, buka[6]
|
father
|
| e
|
serong, kare [7]
|
clay[8]
|
| ɛ
|
teh, bebek [9]
|
festival
|
| i
|
bila, ini
|
see
|
| ɪ
|
kirim [9]
|
bin
|
| o
|
roda, toko [7]
|
sole
|
| ɔ
|
pohon [9]
|
sort
|
| u
|
upah, baru
|
moon
|
| ʊ
|
rumput [9]
|
foot
|
| ə
|
gelak [6]
|
about
|
| Diftong
|
| au
|
kalau [7]
|
how
|
| ai
|
capai [7]
|
bye
|
| oi, ui
|
sepoi
|
boy (uncommon)
|
| Other symbols
|
| IPA |
Explanation
|
| ˈ
|
Primary stress
Placed before the stressed syllable [10]
|
|
Mal:Wikipedia IPA
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 /p/, /t/, /k/ are unaspirated, as in the Romance languages, or as in English spy, sty, sky. In final position, they are unreleased [p̚, t̪̚, ʔ̚], with final k being a glottal stop. /b, d/ are also unreleased, and therefore devoiced, [p̚, t̚]. There is no liaison: they remain unreleased even when followed by a vowel, as in kulit ubi "potato skins", though they are pronounced as a normal medial consonant when followed by a suffix.
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 The fricatives [f, z, ʃ, x] are found in loanwords only. Some speakers pronounce orthographic ‹v› in loanwords as Mal:IPAblink; otherwise it is Mal:IPAblink.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 The glottal stop Mal:IPAblink is an allophone of /k/ and /ɡ/ in the coda: baik, bapak. It is also used between identical vowels in hiatus. Only a few words have this sound in the middle, e.g. bakso (meatballs). It may be represented by an apostrophe in Arabic derived words such as Al Qur'an.
- ↑ In traditional Malay areas, the rhotic consonant /r/ is realized as a velar or uvular fricative, Mal:IPAblink or Mal:IPAblink, and elided word-finally. Elsewhere, including in Standard Indonesian, it is an alveolar tap Mal:IPAblink or trill Mal:IPAblink. Its position relative to schwa is ambiguous: kertas "paper" may be pronounced [krəˈtas] or [kərəˈtas].
- ↑ The nasal consonant /m, n, ŋ, ɲ/ nasalize following vowels, and may nasalize a subsequent vowel if the intervening consonant is /h, j, w, ʔ/.
- ↑ 6,0 6,1 In Malaysian, word-final /a/ is often reduced to Mal:IPAblink.
- ↑ 7,0 7,1 7,2 7,3 [e, o] are allophones of /i, u/ in native words, but have become established as distinct phonemes in English and Javanese loan words. The diphthongs /ai, au/, which only occur in open syllables, are often merged into [e, o], respectively, especially in Java.
- ↑ The Malay/Indonesian /e/ doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of clay (for most English dialects) and the vowel of get. The Malay/Indonesian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.
- ↑ 9,0 9,1 9,2 9,3 /e, i, o, u/ have lax allophones [ɛ, ɪ, ɔ, ʊ] in closed syllables, except that tense [i, u] occur in stressed syllables with a coda nasal, and laax [ɛ, ɔ] also occur in open syllables if the following syllable contains the same lax vowel.
- ↑ Stress generally falls on the penultimate syllable. If that syllable contains a schwa Mal:IPAblink, stress shifts to the antepenult if there is one, and to the final syllable if there is not. Some suffixes are ignored for stress placement.
Mal:Bantuan-stub
Mal:Navbox Gabungan Pedoman WBI
